Accumulation curve showing trace-gas concentration riseZaxis Z-Charge and Z-Ion coordinated helium test cell

Leak Test Method

Accumulation Leak Test

An accumulation leak test charges a part with helium or forming gas, collects escaping gas in an ambient-pressure chamber, and measures concentration rise.

Accumulation leak testing measures a part’s total leak rate without a vacuum chamber. The part is charged with helium or 5%/95% hydrogen forming gas and enclosed in a simple chamber at ambient pressure.

Escaping gas accumulates during a timed dwell while a fan keeps the chamber evenly mixed. A trace-gas sensor tracks concentration, and the rate of rise gives the total leak rate.

With dwell tuned to the specification, the method can reach the 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁶ mbar·l/s range. It is useful for large parts such as battery packs and tanks because the chamber only needs to fit the part, not hold a vacuum.

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What is an accumulation leak test?

Accumulation testing encloses a trace-gas-charged part in a simple ambient-pressure chamber and measures the concentration increase during a timed dwell.

It produces a quantitative whole-part result. A tight part leaves the chamber at background, while a leaking part creates a steady concentration rise whose slope is the leak rate.

Because the chamber collects gas escaping from the complete part, the concentration trend provides a whole-part leak-rate result rather than a measurement of a single seam.

How an accumulation test runs

1

CHARGE

Evacuate the part and fill it with helium or forming gas to the specified test pressure.

2

ACCUMULATE

Enclose the part at ambient pressure and allow escaping trace gas to collect during the timed dwell.

3

MIX

Keep the chamber gas evenly mixed with a fan while the sensor tracks concentration.

4

MEASURE

Measure the concentration rise and compare its slope with the calibrated reject limit.

A background-level result passes; a concentration rise beyond the programmed limit fails, then the gas is vented or reclaimed.

When accumulation is the right method — and when it is not

Accumulation is a fit when

  • ✓A large part such as a battery pack, tank or assembly
  • ✓A need for quantitative total leak rate without a vacuum chamber
  • ✓A part that can be charged with helium or 5%/95% hydrogen forming gas
  • ✓A chamber that fits the part at ambient pressure

Sensitivity, cycle time and part volume

Accumulation is a helium or forming-gas method. Z-Charge prepares the part by evacuating, purging, and charging it, while Z-Ion provides helium-detector capability for the sequence.

The chamber only needs to fit the part; it does not need to hold a vacuum. This makes the method practical for large assemblies while dwell time and chamber volume are tuned to the reject limit.

The sensor measures chamber concentration as the fan mixes the collected gas. A tight part remains at background; a leaking part produces the steady rise used to calculate the total leak rate.

Dwell time and chamber volume are selected for the required reject limit. Because the chamber remains at ambient pressure, it need not perform the vacuum-holding role of a hard-vacuum system.

Z-Charge and Z-Ion provide a coordinated helium workflow: Z-Charge evacuates, purges, and charges the part, then Z-Ion supplies detector capability. After the concentration result is judged, the trace gas can be vented or reclaimed.

Accumulation test diagram showing trace-gas concentration measurement

Which Zaxis testers run accumulation

Accumulation is a trace-gas method, so the station pairs a charging system with a helium detector. Z-Charge prepares and charges the part; Z-Ion measures the accumulated helium.

Applications for accumulation testing

Automotive component

EV battery packs and modules

Large battery packs and modules fit an ambient-pressure hood and need a quantified total leak rate.

Automated manufacturing cell

Fuel tanks and filler systems

Fuel tanks and filler systems are tested whole for total leak rate without a vacuum chamber.

Sealed assembly test fixture

HVAC/R assemblies and heat exchangers

HVAC/R assemblies and heat exchangers are charged with trace gas and measured as one part.

Electronic enclosure components

Sealed medical and electronic enclosures

Sealed medical and electronic enclosures get a whole-part result at ambient pressure.

Accumulation vs other leak test methods

Highlighted row is this method. ✓ yes · × no
MethodNon-destructiveNeeds an access portLocates the leakTypical use
Pressure decay✓✓×Sealed parts with a port
Vacuum decay✓✓×Parts and packaging
Mass flow✓✓×Flow-rate limits
Occlusion✓✓×Blocked passages
Burst×✓×Failure pressure
Pressure cracking✓✓×Valve opening pressure
Chamber✓××Sealed parts, no port
Sniffing✓✓✓Finding the leak site
Hard vacuum✓✓×Hermetic, safety-critical parts
Accumulation✓✓×Large parts, total leak rate
Bombing✓××Sealed parts, no fill port
Differential pressure✓✓×Large volumes, low leak rates
Trace gas✓✓✓Very small leaks, quantified

Accumulation leak test FAQ

What does accumulation leak testing measure?

It measures a part’s total leak rate from the rate of trace-gas concentration rise in the chamber.

Which gases can accumulation testing use?

The part can be charged with helium or 5%/95% hydrogen forming gas.

Does accumulation testing need a vacuum chamber?

No. The part is enclosed in a simple chamber at ambient pressure.

Why is accumulation useful for large parts?

The chamber only has to fit the part, not hold a vacuum, which suits large parts such as battery packs and tanks.

How is the chamber concentration measured?

A fan keeps the chamber evenly mixed while a trace-gas sensor tracks concentration.

What is the result for a tight part?

A tight part leaves the chamber at background.

What is the result for a leaking part?

A leaking part produces a steady concentration rise whose slope is the total leak rate.

What sensitivity range is stated for accumulation testing?

With dwell tuned to the specification, the stated range is 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁶ mbar·l/s.

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